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Italian Literature

Dante's inferno

Written by Dante Alighieri, an exile from Florence, Dante's Inferno catalogs Dante and the Roman author Virgil’s journey from the 1st to the 9th layer of hell. The first part of the Divine comedy [followed by Purgatorio and Paradiso], inferno has influenced many, even after the end of the renaissance. There's even a video game inspired by Inferno.

The Prince

Written by Niccolo Machiavelli, The Prince is a political treatise, and informs politicians how to gain power and rule over states. It describes qualities politicians should have, such as “cunning, duplicity, and bad faith.” (Britannica) The writing provoked such controversy and acclaim, they coined the term Machiavellian to describe people who had the traits Machiavelli praised.
Non Italian Literature

95 Theses

Written by Martin Luther, the 95 Theses is about why being able to pay the church to remove your sins is a bad idea. Nailed to the door of the Castle Church in Wittenberg, Germany. October 31, 1517.

In praise of folly

Written by Dutch philosopher Desiderius Erasmus, In Praise of Folly was written for the author’s friend, Sir Thomas More, and poked fun at the Roman Catholic Church and its corruption. Despite this criticism, Erasmus still asserts Christain ideals.